20.2 intracellular (細胞內的) GSH
Status during Viral Infection (病毒感染)
Modifications of endogenous GSH levels have been demonstrated in different virus/host cell systems: parainfluenza-1-Sendai virus (SV) in Madin Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK) [14], and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in monkey kidney cells (Vero) [15], as a model of acute infection (急性感染); HIV (HIV 病毒; the virus causing 愛滋病) in human monocyte-derived macrophages (M/M) [17, 18], as a model of chronic infection (慢性感染).
In these studies, at different time points during virus challenge (viral adsorption period) or after it, infected cells were assayed for intracellular (細胞內的) GSH and GSSG, by HPLC. Mock-infected cells were used as control. As shown in Fig. 20.1, in all the infections, a significant decrease (顯著下降) of intracellular (細胞內的) GSH content was found, which shows different intensity and kinetics depending on the species of virus and the infected cell type. During acute infection (急性感染) (SV and HSV-1) the fall in GSH content started very early during the period of virus adsorption to the cells and reached the maximum reduction (減少) (32% of the control level) 20 to 25 min after virus challenge. After this period, but within the first hour, a slight increase in GSH concentration was consistently observed in all experiments: this was probably due to the stimulation of the GSH synthesis consequent to virus-induced depletion. This temporary increase was followed by a further and progressive (漸進的) reduction (減少) as compared to those measured inmock-infected cells 24 h post infection (p.i.) (P , 0.001). During chronic infection (HIV-1) a significant decrease (顯著下降) in GSH intracellular (細胞內的) levels was detected 14 days after virus infection. On the contrary, no significant difference was detected 3 and 7 days p.i. with respect to controls. In this model, no virus was detected in supernatants or in cell homogenates 3 days p.i. Indeed, the protein p-24 was determined only 7 days p.i. both intracellularly and extracellularly, and its expression reached the maximum value 14 days p.i. This is the time in which maximum GSH decrease was detected.
Source:
Book - Glutathione and sulfur amino acids in human health and disease [2009]_{intracellular (細胞內的) GSH Status during Viral Infection (病毒感染)}
Modifications of endogenous GSH levels have been demonstrated in different virus/host cell systems: parainfluenza-1-Sendai virus (SV) in Madin Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK) [14], and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in monkey kidney cells (Vero) [15], as a model of acute infection (急性感染); HIV (HIV 病毒; the virus causing 愛滋病) in human monocyte-derived macrophages (M/M) [17, 18], as a model of chronic infection (慢性感染).
In these studies, at different time points during virus challenge (viral adsorption period) or after it, infected cells were assayed for intracellular (細胞內的) GSH and GSSG, by HPLC. Mock-infected cells were used as control. As shown in Fig. 20.1, in all the infections, a significant decrease (顯著下降) of intracellular (細胞內的) GSH content was found, which shows different intensity and kinetics depending on the species of virus and the infected cell type. During acute infection (急性感染) (SV and HSV-1) the fall in GSH content started very early during the period of virus adsorption to the cells and reached the maximum reduction (減少) (32% of the control level) 20 to 25 min after virus challenge. After this period, but within the first hour, a slight increase in GSH concentration was consistently observed in all experiments: this was probably due to the stimulation of the GSH synthesis consequent to virus-induced depletion. This temporary increase was followed by a further and progressive (漸進的) reduction (減少) as compared to those measured inmock-infected cells 24 h post infection (p.i.) (P , 0.001). During chronic infection (HIV-1) a significant decrease (顯著下降) in GSH intracellular (細胞內的) levels was detected 14 days after virus infection. On the contrary, no significant difference was detected 3 and 7 days p.i. with respect to controls. In this model, no virus was detected in supernatants or in cell homogenates 3 days p.i. Indeed, the protein p-24 was determined only 7 days p.i. both intracellularly and extracellularly, and its expression reached the maximum value 14 days p.i. This is the time in which maximum GSH decrease was detected.
Source:
Book - Glutathione and sulfur amino acids in human health and disease [2009]_{intracellular (細胞內的) GSH Status during Viral Infection (病毒感染)}
