Normal alveolar epithelial lining fluid contains high levels of glutathione [1987](IR92)

Normal alveolar epithelial lining fluid contains high levels of glutathione [1987](IR92)

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Normal alveolar epithelial lining fluid contains high levels of glutathione

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J Appl Physiol 63: 152-157, 1987; 8750-7587/87 $5.00

Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 63, Issue 1 152-157, Copyright © 1987 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Normal alveolar epithelial lining fluid contains high levels of glutathione

A. M. Cantin, S. L. North, R. C. Hubbard and R. G. Crystal

The epithelial cells on the alveolar surface of the human lower respiratory tract are vulnerable to toxic oxidants derived from inhaled pollutants or inflammatory cells. Although these lung cells have intracellular antioxidants, these defenses may be insufficient to protect the epithelial surface against oxidants present at the alveolar surface. This study demonstrates that the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the lower respiratory tract contains large amounts of the sulfhydryl-containing antioxidant glutathione (GSH). The total glutathione (the reduced form GSH and the disulfide GSSG) concentration of normal ELF was 140-fold higher than that in plasma of the same individuals, and 96% of the glutathione in ELF was in the reduced form. Compared with nonsmokers, cigarette smokers had 80% higher levels of ELF total glutathione, 98% of which was in the reduced form. Studies of cultured lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts demonstrated that these concentrations of reduced glutathione were sufficient to protect these cells against the burden of H2O2 in the range released by alveolar macrophages removed from the lower respiratory tract of nonsmokers and smokers, respectively, suggesting that the glutathione present in the alveolar ELF of normal individuals likely contributes to the protective screen against oxidants in the extracellular milieu of the lower respiratory tract.

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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2000; 162(4): 1342 - 1347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. M. CANTIN, B. PAQUETTE, M. RICHTER, and P. LARIVEE
Albumin-mediated Regulation of Cellular Glutathione and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2000; 162(4): 1539 - 1546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] K. Fang, R. Johns, T. Macdonald, M. Kinter, and B. Gaston
S-nitrosoglutathione breakdown prevents airway smooth muscle relaxation in the guinea pig
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, October 1, 2000; 279(4): L716 - L721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. M. Balansky, F. D'Agostini, A. Izzotti, and S. De Flora
Less than additive interaction between cigarette smoke and chromium(VI) in inducing clastogenic damage in rodents
Carcinogenesis, September 1, 2000; 21(9): 1677 - 1682. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. BEHR, B. DEGENKOLB, T. BEINERT, F. KROMBACH, and C. VOGELMEIER
Pulmonary Glutathione Levels in Acute Episodes of Farmer's Lung
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2000; 161(6): 1968 - 1971. [Abstract] [Full Text] W. MacNee
Oxidants/Antioxidants and COPD
Chest, May 1, 2000; 117 (2009): 303S - 317S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. De Flora
Threshold mechanisms and site specificity in chromium(VI) carcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis, April 1, 2000; 21(4): 533 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. O Shaheen, J. A C Sterne, C. E Songhurst, and P. G J Burney
Frequent paracetamol use and asthma in adults
Thorax, April 1, 2000; 55(4): 266 - 270. [Abstract] [Full Text] B. Lothian, V. Grey, R. J. Kimoff, and L. C. Lands
Treatment of Obstructive Airway Disease With a Cysteine Donor Protein Supplement: A Case Report
Chest, March 1, 2000; 117(3): 914 - 916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M. MOSS, D. M. GUIDOT, M. WONG-LAMBERTINA, T. TEN HOOR, R. L. PEREZ, and L. A. S. BROWN
The Effects of Chronic Alcohol Abuse on Pulmonary Glutathione Homeostasis
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., February 1, 2000; 161(2): 414 - 419. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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